From 7c17cd31632f4bff7bb9d99df3b711ab5d65a300 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Berenice Wurth Date: Tue, 21 Oct 2025 16:48:52 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] Add Neurons Store Backup Energy to Power the Brain Beneath Stress --- Neurons-Store-Backup-Energy-to-Power-the-Brain-Beneath-Stress.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) create mode 100644 Neurons-Store-Backup-Energy-to-Power-the-Brain-Beneath-Stress.md diff --git a/Neurons-Store-Backup-Energy-to-Power-the-Brain-Beneath-Stress.md b/Neurons-Store-Backup-Energy-to-Power-the-Brain-Beneath-Stress.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..15d256c --- /dev/null +++ b/Neurons-Store-Backup-Energy-to-Power-the-Brain-Beneath-Stress.md @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +
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It's the first bond that catabolic enzymes break when cells require energy to do work. The products of this response are a molecule of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a lone phosphate group (Pi). ATP, ADP, and Pi are consistently being cycled by reactions that construct ATP and store vitality, and reactions that break down ATP and launch power. The power from ATP drives all bodily functions, akin to contracting muscles, sustaining the electrical potential of nerve cells, and absorbing meals within the gastrointestinal tract. Of the 4 major macromolecular teams (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) that are processed by digestion, carbohydrates are thought-about the most typical source of power to fuel the physique. They take the type of both complex carbohydrates, polysaccharides like starch and glycogen, or easy sugars (monosaccharides) like glucose and fructose. Sugar catabolism breaks polysaccharides down into their individual monosaccharides. Among the many monosaccharides, glucose is the most typical fuel for ATP manufacturing in cells, and as such, there are numerous endocrine control mechanisms to regulate glucose concentration within the bloodstream.

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The first direct evidence for metabolic compartmentalization came from studies on the honeybee retina model (Tsacopoulos et al., 1994). Despite its non-mammalian lineage this is a very useful mannequin with which to research metabolic compartmentalization because the neural and glial compartments are morphologically distinct and organized in an organized and simply identifiable method. In this model the glial components take up the vast majority of the glucose, whereas the neural parts take up nearly all of the oxygen. During intervals of elevated metabolic activity imposed by flashing gentle onto the retina, the glia glucose uptake increases, as does the neuronal oxygen consumption (Tsacopoulos et al., 1994). The model that emerges is proven in Figure 1 which could also be thought of the original lactate shuttle relevant to the CNS. Figure 1. Morphological and metabolic compartmentalization in the honeybee retina. The glial parts take up glucose, which is in the end transformed to alanine. The alanine is then shuttled to the photoreceptors where it's oxidatively metabolized.

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